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Frontend System Design

Functional Areas (What the System Does)​

User Interface (UI)​

  • Responsive design (mobile, tablet, desktop)
  • Theme switching (light/dark mode)

User Authentication & Authorization​

  • Login, Signup, Logout
  • Role-based access control (RBAC)
  • OAuth, SSO, JWT-based authentication

Data Management​

  • CRUD operations (Create, Read, Update, Delete)
  • Data validation (client-side and server-side)

Search Functionality​

  • Keyword-based search
  • Faceted search (filter by categories)
  • Autocomplete/typeahead suggestions

Filtering & Sorting​

  • Filter data based on various criteria
  • Sort data by columns (e.g., date, name, price)

Pagination & Infinite Scrolling​

  • Paginated display of large datasets
  • Infinite scroll for seamless data loading

Real-Time Updates​

  • WebSocket or Server-Sent Events (SSE) for live updates
  • Notifications and alerts

Notifications​

  • In-app notifications
  • Push notifications (browser or mobile)

File Management​

  • File uploads and downloads
  • Drag-and-drop file uploads
  • Image compression and preview

Analytics & Reporting​

  • Display charts, graphs, and tables
  • Export data (CSV, PDF)

Third-Party Integrations​

  • Payment gateways
  • Social media integrations
  • API integrations (e.g., Google Maps, Stripe)

Internationalization (i18n)​

  • Support for multiple languages
  • Currency and date format localization

Accessibility Features​

  • Screen reader compatibility
  • Keyboard navigation
  • Color contrast and font scaling

Non-Functional Areas (How the System Performs)​

Performance​

  • Page load time (Time to First Byte, First Contentful Paint)
  • Smooth animations and transitions
  • Efficient data fetching (debouncing, caching)

Scalability​

  • Handle increasing user load and traffic
  • Support horizontal scaling (adding more frontend instances)

Security​

  • Secure data transmission (HTTPS, TLS)
  • Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) prevention
  • Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) protection
  • Content Security Policy (CSP)

Reliability​

  • High availability (uptime)
  • Graceful degradation during failures
  • Retry mechanisms for network failures

Maintainability​

  • Modular and reusable code components
  • Clear folder structure and naming conventions
  • Documentation and inline comments

Testability​

  • Unit testing for components
  • Integration testing for data flow
  • End-to-End (E2E) testing for user interactions

Usability​

  • Intuitive navigation and UI design
  • Minimal learning curve for new users
  • Consistent user experience (UX)

Accessibility​

  • Compliance with WCAG standards
  • ARIA roles and attributes
  • Keyboard and voice navigation

Device Compatibility​

  • Responsive design across devices (mobile, tablet, desktop)
  • Cross-browser compatibility (Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Edge)

Observability & Monitoring​

  • Logging user interactions and errors
  • Monitoring with tools like Sentry, LogRocket, or New Relic
  • Track frontend performance metrics (Lighthouse, Web Vitals)

Extensibility​

  • Ability to add new features without major refactoring
  • Plugin-based architecture for third-party extensions

Deployment & CI/CD​

  • Automated builds and deployments
  • Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery pipelines
  • Rollback mechanism for failed deployments